Hematological biachemical. saroloqical testis. mainly to confirm clinical diagnosis fl aystemic: disease

, psychotic symptoms. avoidance rjf situations. ddenial of cognitive- defects. jocularity. confabulation.orderliness Investigations 1 Laboratory - Hematological biachemical. saroloqical testis. mainly to confirm clinical diagnosis fl aystemic: disease. 2 .Radiological - X-ray studies, is otope scanning. CTscan. anglography. MRI 3 other - EEG. CSF analysis 4 nauropsychotogicaJ tests - to assess higher mental functions - bender-Gestalt Visual motor coordination test Wochsier Memary Scale and Intelligence tests in the latter the scores on parformanes or non-verbal sub-tests is lower than score on varbal sub-tests by at least 1.5points .Types of organic brain disorders (1)Acute-Characterised by (a) Sudden onset with rapid develpmont of impairmeni of orianiation, memory, inidteciua* functions, judgernent and affect .(b) Dalirium. stupor or coma may be present. (c) it is caused by temporaryh raversible and diffuse ddisturbnce of brein tissue function, d) Patient may recover without any residual datect, or may progress to the chronic type ,the clinical course is usually brief but may occasionally persist for a long time .2) Coonic - Characteristics are - (a)Onset is usually Insidious (b)Gradual daterioration of higher mental functlons. (c) It is caused by an irreversible, permanent and deffuse alteration of brain tissue function .(d) The clinical course usually prograsses over months or years and the syndroma may end with death .Although the causaive lactor can be Idanifiad and eliminated at times. some permnanent atleration in higher menal functione may remain. Causes. A. Acute organc brain diorders. 1 ,Drug intoxicaction - Anticholinerglc, anxiotytic-hypnotic. anticonvulsant. opiates, laevodopa. digitalls. some industrial poisons .2, Withdrawal ol alcohol and other dependency producing drugs (opiates, anxiolytics. hypnotics). 3. Metabolic disturbances - uremia. cardiac failure, electrolyte imbalance. liver